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Circulating omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and total and cause-specific mortality: the Cardiovascular Health Study.
Wednesday,2015-03-04 14:22 America/Los_Angeles — zdrager
| Title | Circulating omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and total and cause-specific mortality: the Cardiovascular Health Study. |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2014 |
| Authors | H Y Wu, J, Lemaitre, RN, King, IB, Song, X, Psaty, BM, Siscovick, DS, Mozaffarian, D |
| Journal | Circulation |
| Volume | 130 |
| Issue | 15 |
| Pagination | 1245-53 |
| Date Published | 2014 Oct 7 |
| ISSN | 1524-4539 |
| Keywords | Aged, Arachidonic Acid, Biomarkers, Cohort Studies, Coronary Disease, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Fatty Acids, Omega-6, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Linoleic Acid, Male, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Stroke, Survival Rate, United States |
| Abstract | <p><b>BACKGROUND: </b>Although omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) have been recommended to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD), controversy remains about benefits versus harms, including concerns over theorized proinflammatory effects of n-6 PUFA. We investigated associations of circulating n-6 PUFA including linoleic acid (the major dietary PUFA), γ-linolenic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid, with total and cause-specific mortality in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a community-based U.S. cohort.</p><p><b>METHODS AND RESULTS: </b>Among 2792 participants(aged ≥65 years) free of cardiovascular disease at baseline, plasma phospholipid n-6 PUFA were measured at baseline using standardized methods. All-cause and cause-specific mortality, and total incident CHD and stroke, were assessed and adjudicated centrally. Associations of PUFA with risk were assessed by Cox regression. During 34 291 person-years of follow-up (1992-2010), 1994 deaths occurred (678 cardiovascular deaths), with 427 fatal and 418 nonfatal CHD, and 154 fatal and 399 nonfatal strokes. In multivariable models, higher linoleic acid was associated with lower total mortality, with extreme-quintile hazard ratio =0.87 (P trend=0.005). Lower death was largely attributable to cardiovascular disease causes, especially nonarrhythmic CHD mortality (hazard ratio, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.82; P trend=0.001). Circulating γ-linolenic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid were not significantly associated with total or cause-specific mortality (eg, for arachidonic acid and CHD death, the extreme-quintile hazard ratio was 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-1.34; P trend=0.87). Evaluated semiparametrically, linoleic acid showed graded inverse associations with total mortality (P=0.005). There was little evidence that associations of n-6 PUFA with total mortality varied by age, sex, race, or plasma n-3 PUFA. Evaluating both n-6 and n-3 PUFA, lowest risk was evident with highest levels of both.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS: </b>High circulating linoleic acid, but not other n-6 PUFA, was inversely associated with total and CHD mortality in older adults.</p> |
| DOI | 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011590 |
| Alternate Journal | Circulation |
| PubMed ID | 25124495 |
| PubMed Central ID | PMC4189990 |
| Grant List | AG023629 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States HHSN268200800007C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268200800007C / / PHS HHS / United States HHSN268201200036C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201200036C / / PHS HHS / United States HL080295 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC55222 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC55222 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85079 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85079 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85080 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85080 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85081 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85081 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85082 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85082 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85083 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85083 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85086 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC85086 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 AG023629 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States R01 HL080295 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 HL085710 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States |