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Circulating Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids, Cognitive Decline, and Dementia in Older Adults.
Wednesday,2023-09-13 20:25 America/Los_Angeles — ecterry
| Title | Circulating Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids, Cognitive Decline, and Dementia in Older Adults. |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2023 |
| Authors | Otto, MC de Olive, H Y Wu, J, Thacker, EL, Lai, HTsz Mung, Lemaitre, RN, Padhye, N, Song, X, King, IB, Lopez, O, Siscovick, DS, Mozaffarian, D |
| Journal | J Alzheimers Dis |
| Date Published | 2023 Aug 23 |
| ISSN | 1875-8908 |
| Abstract | <p><b>BACKGROUND: </b>Comprising nearly 35% of brain lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for optimal brain function. However, the role of PUFA on cognitive health outcomes later in life is largely unknown.</p><p><b>OBJECTIVE: </b>We investigated prospective associations of plasma phospholipid omega-3 (ALA [18 : 3], EPA [20 : 5], DPA [22 : 5], DHA [22 : 6]) and omega-6 (LA [18 : 2], AA [20 : 4]) PUFA with cognitive decline, risk of cognitive impairment and dementia among adults aged≥65 years in the Cardiovascular Health Study.</p><p><b>METHODS: </b>Circulating fatty acid concentrations were measured serially at baseline (1992/1993), 6 years, and 13 years later. Cognitive decline and impairment were assessed using the 100-point Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MSE) up to 7 times. Clinical dementia was identified using adjudicated neuropsychological tests, and ICD-9 codes.</p><p><b>RESULTS: </b>Among 3,564 older adults free of stroke and dementia at baseline, cognitive function declined annually by approximately -0.5 3MSE points; 507 participants developed cognitive impairment and 499 dementia over up to 23 years of follow-up. In multivariable models, higher circulating arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations were associated with slower cognitive decline and lower dementia risk, with associations growing stronger with greater length of follow-up (hazard ratio [HR,95% CI] of dementia per interquintile range, 0.74 [0.56-0.97] at 5 years, and 0.53 [0.37-0.77] at 15 years). Circulating docosapentaenoic (DPA) concentrations were associated with slower cognitive decline and lower risk of cognitive impairment (extreme-quintile HR, 0.72 [95% CI: 0.55, 0.95]). Findings were generally null or inconsistent for other omega-3 or omega-6 PUFA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION: </b>Circulating AA and DPA, but not other PUFA, are associated with slower rate of cognitive decline and lower risk of dementia or cognitive impairment later in life.</p> |
| DOI | 10.3233/JAD-230083 |
| Alternate Journal | J Alzheimers Dis |
| PubMed ID | 37638432 |
ePub date:
23/08